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            • VitroINK® is a new generation of xeno-free functional bioink system that can print without UV, heat curing, or chemical cross-linking.
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          We are here to help you enjoy your scientific exploration. Search our frequently asked questions. If your question still has not been answered, email us at support@thewellbio.com.

          Popular Search stiffnessorganoidcyto3dgelationstiff

          General Hydrogel Questions

          23
          • What is VitroGel®?
          • What is the chemical composition of the VitroGel®?
          • What is the pore size of VitroGel?
          • Does VitroGel® contain any natural ECM proteins like fibronectin, collagens, or laminins?
          • How does gelation work in VitroGel®?
          • Does VitroGel® have viscoelastic properties?
          • What is the viscosity of VitroGel® high concentration hydrogel?
          • What is the stiffness of the ready-to-use VitroGel® hydrogels?
          • What is the mechanical property of VitroGel®? Can I adjust the stiffness?
          • What is the difference between VitroGel® Dilution Solution Type 1 and Type 2?
          • Are the functional ligands such as RGD conjugated (or tethered) on the VitroGel® polymer?
          • Can molecules penetrate or diffuse through VitroGel®?
          • Which VitroGel® hydrogel product should I choose?
          • How long can cells be grown in the VitroGel® system?
          • Can I harvest cells after culturing with VitroGel®?
          • Can I use VitroGel® Organoid Recovery Solution (MS04) for Collagen?
          • Is VitroGel® biocompatible for in vivo study?
          • Can I use VitroGel® for in vivo studies? What is the injectability of VitroGel®?
          • Can VitroGel® be freeze-dried?
          • Can VitroGel® be used for cryopreservation?
          • Can DMSO be used with the VitroGel®? If so, what is the maximum amount of DMSO that can be mixed with the hydrogel?
          • Does VitroGel® have autofluorescence?
          • For high-concentration VitroGel®, can I prepare a pre-diluted solution by mixing VitroGel® with VitroGel® Dilution Solution and storing it in the fridge?

          Hydrogel / Cell Preparation

          30
          • How do I prepare the cell suspension to mix with the hydrogel? Should I add serum?
          • How do I adjust the hydrogel formation time?
          • How fast should I transfer the sample from the mixing tube to the culture plate?
          • When the mixture of the cells and the VitroGel® is left to stabilize at room temperature before the injection, will the suspension cells sink to the bottom of the tube?
          • Can I use a serum-free medium with VitroGel® ?
          • Will the use of 100% FBS reduce the viscosity of the tunable gel when being diluted?
          • Can I add extracellular matrix proteins or other molecular compounds into VitroGel®?
          • Are there visual or other methods can be used to verify the status of hydrogel formation?
          • Can we use multichannel pipette for hydrogel mixture?
          • What can I do to prevent bubbles from forming when mixing the VitroGel® solution with the cell culture medium?
          • What type of culture plate should I choose when using VitroGel®?
          • Why does the hydrogel sticks loosely to the tissue culture plate?
          • How to improve the hydrogel attachment on the cell culture plate/glass bottom well plates?
          • How does the VitroPrime™ Spread-Attach Plate help for viscous hydrogel (such as high concentration VitroGel®) that has slow spreading on the surface of culture plate?
          • Will adjusting the temperature induce the hydrogel formation of VitroGel®?
          • How to achieve different stiffness with the same functional RGD-ligands by combining the VitroGel® RGD with VitroGel® 3D in various mixing and dilution ratios?
          • Is it possible to dilute VitroGel® hydrogels with cell culture medium instead of the dilution solution?
          • What is the difference between 3D culture and 2D hydrogel coating culture?
          • How can I prevent some cells from being attached to the bottom resembling 2D coating when using VitroGel® for 3D cell culture?
          • Can cells grown in the VitroGel® be sub-cultured?
          • How often does the cover media need to be changed for 3D culture?
          • Shall I change the full amount of the cover medium or just partially?
          • Can we use the same cell seeding number of Matrigel for VitroGel® system?
          • What cell seeding density should I use?
          • How stable of VitroGel® Microbead in cell culture medium?
          • Can I dissociate hydrogel directly inside of well plate without removing it out for high-throughput application?
          • Can I place the gel mixture in an incubator instead of leaving it at room temperature for gel stabilization?
          • What is the optimal ratio between cell suspension and gel for the mix?
          • What is the optimal incubation time?
          • Can I pre-coat the culture plate to increase hydrogel attachment?

          Analysis (Image, DNA/RNA, Protein, etc)

          18
          • Is VitroGel® compatible with staining and immunofluorescence protocols for confocal microscopy or other imaging technologies?
          • What is the concept behind the Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit co-stain?
          • How long can fluorescence of Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit be maintained when 2D or 3D cells are cultured with this product? Is it possible to observe the fluorescence for days without any cytotoxic effect?
          • Is there a threshold or limitation for the cell confluency for the Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit?
          • Can Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit be used in other matrices such as Matrigel? Can it be used for other applications other than hydrogel based 3D cell culture?
          • Will Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit affect cell growth if cells are repeatedly labeled multiple times?
          • Is a final washing step required when using Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit with VitroGel®?
          • Can Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit be used for organoids?
          • What is the best technique to score the viability in intact 3D spheres? Can Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit be used in fixed cells too or it has to be live spheroids only?
          • Is it possible to fix cells inside the hydrogel with PFA and perform immunolabelling?
          • Can I co-stain invasive cells with crystal violet and DAPI?
          • How to image hydrogel within the cell culture insert?
          • Is it possible to use nuclear staining agents to visualize cell invasion instead of crystal violet?
          • Can I do molecular analyses of protein or nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) of cells cultured in VitroGel®?
          • Do you have the SEM protocol for VitroGel®?
          • Do you have suggestions for preventing hydrogel detaching during multiple washing process?
          • Can VitroGel® hydrogel be fixed for sectioning for further staining and imaging?
          • Is there anything I can do to reduce the background of the cell images stained with Cyto3D® Live-Dead Assay Kit?

          Organoids

          15
          • Can I form a dome shape culture?
          • Should I use treated or non-treated culture for dome methods?
          • Which VitroGel® ORGANOID hydrogel should I choose for my organoid type?
          • What are the differences between the 4 VitroGel® ORGANOID versions?
          • What are the different mechanical strengths between VitroGel® ORGANOID versions?
          • If I can’t screen all four organoid formulations, which is the one that acts as a good start?
          • After screening the four formulations of the organoids, what factors can be used to determine the optimal formation for further experimentation?
          • Do you have any tips on how to use VitroGel® ORGANOID instead of animal-based ECM for organoid culture?
          • Can organoids be passed after growing them in VitroGel®?
          • How often is it recommended to harvest the organoids grown using the VitroGel® ORGANOID? 
          • When transferring organoids from Matrigel to VitroGel®, do you recommended gradually decreasing the % of Matrigel in VitroGel®?
          • Can VitroGel® Organoid Recovery Solution replace trypsin for cell dissociation?
          • Can VitroGel® Organoid Recovery Solution use to dissolve GelMA, collagen, PEG based hydrogel or alginate?
          • Any additional tip for recovering organoid from Geltrex by using VitroGel® Organoid Recovery Solution (MS04)?
          • What are the differences in the harvesting protocol when recovering intact organoids versus organoid fragment (dissociated organoid)? Does incubation time impact organoid integrity, or is it primarily influenced by mechanical factors such as the type of pipette used?

          3D Cell Models & Functional Assays

          13
          • Can VitroGel® be used for both 3D culture and 2D hydrogel coating? Which culture method should I choose?
          • How can I use VitroGel® for co-culture or sandwich culture (layer by layer)?
          • How long before spheroid formation takes place in hydrogel?
          • Is it possible to cover cell spheroids with VitroGel® and apply differentiation media on top?
          • Is VitroGel® compatible with drug/compound treatments?
          • Can I use VitroGel® to cover cells or tissue slides?
          • Can VitroGel® perform transfection studies?
          • Can cells move within the hydrogel matrix (migration/invasion)?
          • Can I use VitroGel® for Spheroid Invasion Assay? What is the protocol?
          • What cells have been tested for tubular formation using VitroGel® Angiogenesis Assay Kit 1?
          • What are the technology tips when using VitroGel® for angiogenesis assay?
          • What is the difference of VitroPrime™ Cell Culture Inserts from other competitors?
          • What is the pore density of the VitroPrime™ Cell Culture Inserts?

          Injectable Hydrogel / In Vivo

          19
          • What is the injection volume of VitroGel®?
          • What is the recommended number of cells for VitroGel® injection?
          • How can I decide the mixing ratio between ready-to-use hydrogel solution and cell suspension while preparing samples for xenograft application?
          • Do I need to keep the VitroGel®-Cell mixture in an ice bucket?
          • Can VitroGel® be injected anywhere in the animal or are there any limitations for some organs, for example, brain, lungs, etc?
          • Can VitroGel® be used for injection in mice at different sites?
          • What type of needles can you use for animal injection?
          • After injection with VitroGel®, how efficient is cell retention?
          • How long does the VitroGel®-Cell mixture retain its injectable status compared to Matrigel?
          • Are there data on the successful cell types that have worked with VitroGel®, specifically for xenograft?
          • Are there any updates on the protocol front for injection using VitroGel®?
          • What is the tumor formation rate and growth kinetic in VitroGel®?
          • How can I improve tumor size or weight?
          • How to counter ulceration problem if seen at tumor site?
          • Do I have to add serum, growth factors, or supplements to the cell suspension before mixing with VitroGel®?
          • If I want to add supplements to boost cell growth, what are the common growth factors or components used?
          • Does adding serum and other cytokines at a high concentration to the cell suspension before mixing with VitroGel® lead to bubble formation?
          • When the mixture of the cells and the VitroGel® is left to stabilize at room temperature before the injection, will the suspension cells sink to the bottom of the tube?
          • Can VitroGel® be used for cell therapy?

          3D Bioprinting

          12
          • What is the difference between VitroGel® and VitroINK®? Can I switch these two types of products on testing the same cell type?
          • How can I dissolve the VitroINK®?
          • How do you crosslink the bioink after printing?
          • How long are the cell culture models stable?
          • What principal component is used in VitroINK®?
          • Can I do histology and immunofluorescent staining with the VitroINK®?
          • What is the longest time the VitroINK® can be exposed to air and still be printed?
          • When preparing the mixture for printing, can I standardize the gelling times?
          • What types of nozzles are used in printing characterizations of VitroINK®?
          • Does VitroINK® contain alginate?
          • What is the best nozzle type and mixing ratio to print VitroINK®?
          • Is VitroINK® going to dry during the printing process?
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          • Applications
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              • Applications
                • [Custom]
              • Advanced 3D Cell Models
                • Intestinal 3D Cell Model
                • 3D Breast Cancer Models with VitroGel®
                  • Normal Human Breast Explant Model
                • Advanced 3D cell models for Lab Automation
              • In Vitro Applications
                • Organoids
                • Stem Cells
                • 3D Cell Culture
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                • 3D Cell Viability
                • Other Applications
              • In Vivo Applications
                • Xenograft (PDX & CDX)
                • Tissue Engineering
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          • 3D Cell Products
            • [Row]
            • VitroGel® Hydrogel Overview
              • Comparison Between VitroGel® vs. Animal-Based ECM
              • How Gelation Works in VitroGel®
              • Unique Injectable Properties of VitroGel®
              • How Cell Harvesting Works in VitroGel®
            • Ready-To-Use Hydrogels
              • VitroGel® Starter Kit
              • VitroGel® Hydrogel Matrix
              • VitroGel® ORGANOID
              • VitroGel® STEM
              • VitroGel® MSC
              • VitroGel® HEK293
              • Assay Kits
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                • VitroGel® Angiogenesis Assay Kit
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            • Tunable Hydrogels – High Concentration Kits
              • VitroGel® Starter Kit
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            • Bioprinting – Accessories
              • Mixing Kits
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          • Resources
            • [Row]
            • VitroGel® Technology
              • What is VitroGel®?
              • Comparison Between VitroGel® vs. Animal-Based ECM
              • How Gelation Works
              • 5 Cell Culture Methods with VitroGel
              • Unique Injectable Properties of VitroGel®
              • How Cell Harvesting Works
              • Mix & Match – Full ECM Control
            • FAQ, Protocols and Guides
              • FAQ – Frequent Questions
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